RATZAN PABLO: (Non-English language spoken). INTRODUCTION. Stand up today to defend someone's rights And within Guatemala, rural and Indigenous communities are feeling it the hardest. Guatemala has a population of 14.9 million people, of which 6.5 million (43.75%) belong to the 22 Mayan (Achi, Akatec, Awakatec, Chalchitec, Chort, Chuj, Itz, Ixil, Jacaltec, Kaqchikel, Kiche, Mam, Mopan, Poqomam, Poqomch, Qanjobal, Q'eqch, Sakapultec, Sipakapense, Tektitek, Tzutujil and Uspantek), one Garfuna, one Xinca and one Creole or Afro-descendant peoples. This in a country where Indigenous people comprise at least 40% of the population. The U.S. government also became increasingly concerned, fearing the impact on American investments in the country. ALCALA: (Through interpreter) There are vaccines now, but there's a lot of bad information, so people don't let themselves be vaccinated. Bernardo's lawyers immediately filed an appeal following his conviction however the hearings have been cancelled or suspended on numerous occasions, including due the decision of 69 judges from the appeals chamber to refrain from hearing the case. No Indigenous persons or Afro-Guatemalans hold cabinet-level positions. Indigenous peoples are more vulnerable due to poverty, social exclusion and structural racism. MARTIN: Again, anthropologist Velasquez Nimantuj. They do not see any further than what is around them. For general information on the treatment of indigenous people in Guatemala, please consult GTM28707.E of 18 March . Samuc blames a lack of leadership for the COVID crisis in Indigenous communities like Santiago, beginning with Guatemala's President Alejandro Giammattei and the three health ministers he's appointed in less than two years. 30 years experience building agreements between Indigenous governments and project proponents and Crown agencies. For the Indigenous peoples, there is nothing to celebrate.. Today, the continuation of these inequalities due to racism and neoliberal economic policies is pushing millions to migrate abroad to provide for their families. While this recognizes the countrys indigenous communities and their rights, in reality, the government still fails to do this. I want my nonprofit to become a member, is it eligible? Although the Political Constitution of the Republic of Guatemala recognises the existence of Indigenous Peoples and calls itself a multicultural society, and despite the fact that the country has ratified international agreements on the rights of Indigenous Peoples, in practice, the social, economic and political gap between the Indigenous and non-indigenous population is a wide one. But because there are so many negatives, we can't go all in. Donovan's photography is on view at the museum in a temporary exhibit. The Qeqch people use infusions of wild guava leaves (Psidium guajava); the Chort use Quina (Cinchona officinalis), a plant from which quinine, the active component for treating malaria, is extracted. The then-leader of the country, Rafael Carrera, began to rule as a dictator, later declaring Guatemala a sovereign republic in 1847. Guatemala has a population of 14.9 million people, of which 6.5 million (43.75%) belong to the 22 Mayan (Achi, Akatec, Awakatec, Chalchitec, Chorti, Chuj, Itza, Ixil, Jacaltec, Kaq- chikel, Kiche, Mam, Mopan, Poqomam, Poqomchi, Qanjobal, Qeqchi, Sakapultec, Sipakapense, Tektitek, Tzutujil and Us- pantek), one Garifuna, one Xinca and one Creole or Afro-descendant peoples. MANUEL PICAHAU: (Through interpreter) Watch a cable station that plays a lot of news from the United States, and there are a lot of people there getting sick because of the vaccine. Indigenous Peoples' strategies for dealing with the pandemic Despite the severe impacts of the pandemic, the Indigenous Peoples have been resilient, mobilising their traditional knowledge and practices for the prevention and treatment of disease in the face of delayed and insufficient government assistance. Regardless of the actual percentage that constitutes Guatemalas indigenous population, the Maya can be considered a minority when referring to a category of people who experience relative disadvantage as compared to members of a dominant social group (1). We need to fight against the lack of recognition of indigenous peoples in Guatemala, as well as to protect and conserve our natural resources, which are so important to our way of life. At the time of this study, only one English-language paper (Duffy, 2008) was found on the causes of IPV in Guatemala.Duffy (2008) identifies alcohol consumption, poverty, traditional female gender norms, and a lack of access to education as contributing to . [15] Then, tropical storm Iota caused huge devastation, including the flooding of several towns that were subsequently declared uninhabitable, such as Campur and Sesajal, two Q'eqch communities in San Pedro Charch, in Alta Verapaz department, where around 900 homes were completely submerged. Less than 10% of Guatemalas Congress members are indigenous, a relatively small percent considering the indigenous community makes up for almost half of the countrys inhabitants. Written on 25 November 2020. MARTIN: With little hope of things changing soon, many Maya prefer to use their traditional remedies to fight off the virus, says Maya priestess Dolores Ratzan Pablo. A ruling was expected in 15 days but it has yet to be issued. Both of these departments have high rates of migration. This article is part of the 35th edition of The Indigenous World, a yearly overview produced by IWGIA that serves to document and report on the developments Indigenous Peoples have experienced. Meanwhile, remarks about the incident by Guatemala's president did little to help the situation. Despite representing more than half of the population and participating actively in the countrys economy, their political participation is not equitably reflected. On Thursday, February 23, the US Justice Department announced that, with the cooperation of the government of Mexico, it had taken into custody three high . Guatemala has a population of 14.9 million people, of which 6.5 million (43.75%) belong to the 22 Mayan (Achi, Akatec, Awakatec, Chalchitec, Chort, Chuj, Itz, Ixil, Jacaltec, Kaqchikel, Kiche, Mam, Mopan, Poqomam, Poqomch, Qanjobal, Q'eqch, Sakapultec, Sipakapense, Tektitek, Tzutujil and Uspantek), one Garfuna, one Xinca and one Creole or Afro-descendant peoples. Posted in Guatemala. According to the multidimensional poverty index, the rate of poverty is 80% among Indigenous people and 50.1% among non-indigenous people,[6] thus creating an unequal basis from which to attempt to prevent the pandemic in terms of frequent hand washing, the use of masks, disinfectants and essential medicines, items that most Indigenous people simply cannot afford. But she also points the finger at local leaders, political and religious. IWGIA - International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs - is a global human rights organisation dedicated to promoting, protecting and defending Indigenous Peoples rights. The Guatemalan government has done little to support Indigenous communities, and racism and discrimination continuea slow genocide that kills by neglect, often making migration the only option. Niegan el ingreso al alcalde de Carcha a reunin con el presidente Alejandro Giammattei. [Carcha Mayor denied entry to meeting with President Alejandro Giammattei] Prensa Libre, 7 November 2020. https://www.prensalibre.com/ciudades/alta-verapaz/niegan-ingreso-a-alcalde-de-carcha-a-reunion-con-el-presidente-alejandro-giammattei/, [11] Bono familia: negocio para algunos, falsa expectativa para otros. [Family voucher: business for some, false expectations for others] Perspectiva, 22 July 2020. https://www.perspectiva.gt/noticias/bono-familia-negocio-para-algunos-falsa-expectativa-para-otros/, [12] Reginaldo Chayax Huex. The New York Times, 11 October 2020. https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/nytimes/obituary.aspx?n=reginaldo-chayax-huex&pid=196929391, [13] Un incendio premeditado y gases lacrimgenos esperaban a una manifestacin pacfica. [Arson and tear gas awaited peaceful demonstration] El Peridico, 22 November 2020. https://elperiodico.com.gt/nacionales/2020/11/22/un-incendio-premeditado-y-gases-lacrimogenos-esperaban-a-una-manifestacion-pacifica/, [14]Pueblos indgenas denuncian abuso de autoridad por parte del gobierno actual. [Indigenous Peoples denounce governments abuse of authority] El Peridico, 24 November 2020. https://elperiodico.com.gt/nacionales/2020/11/24/pueblos-indigenas-denuncian-abuso-de-autoridad-por-parte-del-gobierno-actual/, [15] Barrientos Castaeda, Miguel, Tragedia en Quej, San Cristobal Verapaz: suspenden bsqueda por ETA. [Tragedy in Quej, San Cristobal Verapaz: search suspended by Eta] Prensa Libre, 10 November 2020. https://www.prensalibre.com/ciudades/alta-verapaz/tragedia-en-queja-san-cristobal-verapaz-suspenden-busqueda-de-victimas-por-eta/, [16] Oliva, William. She's been vaccinated and wears a mask, unlike many in Indigenous communities who remain suspicious of Western science. 2006. This largely comprises native plants found on the ancestral territories, both in backyard gardens and in natural areas protected by the communities. In 1983, as a result of international condemnation of these atrocities, the military drove Rios Montt from power and turned it over (in limited ways) to civilians, and in 1985 Marco Vinicio Cerezo won the election, becoming Guatemalas first civilian president in 15 years. Indigenous people continue to lag behind Guatemalan society as a whole in terms of health, education, employment and income, a situation that is worse for Indigenous women. They arrested many communist leaders and released over 600 political prisoners arrested under Arbenz. On International Day of Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous organisations stressed the need to be included and participating in COVID-19 response strategies, asked to be consulted and demanded culturally-relevant approaches. The UN estimates there are some 476 million indigenous people in more than 90 countries around the world who have been denied the opportunity to control . [10], In addition, the promise of economic support consisting of USD400 distributed in three monthly payments to those with an electricity bill was reduced to a total of USD165 with no explanation as to the reasons for the reduction, in addition to which thousands of Indigenous families with no electricity were excluded from this support. Join us and make a difference. [13] The government suppressed these protests, resulting in deaths, injuries and arrests. There have also been no culturally-relevant communication programmes in native languages. Background Health inequalities disproportionally affect indigenous people in Guatemala. Until 1944, different dictators continued to rule Guatemala. Voting was scheduled to start at 8:30 a.m. (0730 GMT) in Nigeria's presidential and parliamentary election, though Reuters reporters in several locations across the country saw polling stations. USAID also works with indigenous communities to develop community action plans that reduce conflict and strengthen social cohesion. In 2015, he organised peaceful opposition to the Oxec hydroelectric project, which the communities said endangered their sacred Cahabn River. In retaliation, smear campaigns were launched in newspapers, on television and social media to discredit his work and to portray human rights defenders in a negative light, the experts said. The penal system is a reflection of the discrimination experienced by Indigenous women all over: for being women, Indigenous and poor. This is not the first time. In 1951, Jacobo Arbenz Guzman, took Arvalos place as president, and raised even more concerns for the elite, as well as the U.S. government. Indigenous Peoples the challenges they face Indigenous peoples face many challenges. Learn more about each topic, see who's involved, and find the latest news, reports, events and more. - The New York Times. "Sadly, this is not an isolated case; too often in Guatemala those who defend land and the environment are considered criminals.". They reach a certain age and know that they have to leave, Colom says. USAIDs Indigenous Peoples Engagement Strategy in Guatemala seeks to bridge Indigenous Peoples knowledge systems with national systems by closely coordinating efforts with indigenous entities, integrating their perspectives and priorities into programs. Some contributions include, indigenous peoples' successful struggles against deforestation, mineral, oil and gas extraction in their ancestral lands; their fight against further expansion of. To understand why Guatemalas Mayan population continues to face poverty, racism and exclusion, we need to look at Guatemalas history, starting back at the Spanish conquest. President Giammattei has appointed three woman ministers to his cabinet. Of the 23 political parties that, only four had indigenous candidates. The Guatemalan government has done little to support Indigenous communities, and racism and discrimination continuea slow genocide that kills by neglect, often making migration the only option. Thankfully, 60% of our partner organizations work with indigenous communities, supporting them with healthcare, education, empowerment workshops, and community development initiatives. During these years of growth, specifically under dictator Jorge Ubico, local autonomy was also reduced, especially in indigenous communities. 4 out of 5 indigenous people live in poverty, and 21.8% of the indigenous . The case sets a precedent worldwide since it is the first time a crime of sexual abuse during an armed conflict has gone under trial in the same country where it was committed. The Other Americans is a column created by Abbott forThe Progressiveon human migration in North and Central America. The Special Procedures, the largest body of independent experts in the UN human rights system, is the general name for the Council's independent investigative and monitoring mechanisms that deal with specific country situations or thematic issues in all parts of the world. Guatemala City: On July 23, 2021 the International Indian Treaty Council will participate in the opening event for two offices in Guatemala, hosted by the Mayan Kaqchikel University in Santo Domingo Xenacoj in the department of Sacatepquez. Written on 24 April 2019. For the next 30 years, Guatemalas military governed the country, undoing all of Arbenzs reforms. Special Procedures. There is no positive presence of the State to the extent that basic problems, such as chronic malnutrition, security, access to education, and employment, are not solved.. But while the economy has grown during the pandemic, so have levels of poverty. And yet the pandemic also showed how resilient Indigenous people can be when faced with these situations, drawing on their knowledge of traditional medicine, good living, territorial governance and solidarity. Without the work of these nonprofit organizations, the little help that these communities receive, would not be possible. MARIA MARTIN, BYLINE: Mayan priestess Dolores Ratzan Pablo makes offerings of flowers, liquor and multicolored candles to the sacred fire. GUATEMALA 2021 Increased criminalization was used as a strategy to intimidate those working in the administration of justice. These bad conditions have become even worse during the COVID-19 pandemic. Manuel Picahau gets his news from a local station. The Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights is the leading United Nations entity in the field of human rights, with a unique mandate to promote and protect all human rights for all people. The uprising was defeated with some participants escaping into the mountains and organizing the Rebel Armed Forces (FAR), thus beginning Guatemalas civil war. [8], In the midst of the pandemic, in an act not seen since the end of the civil war, the President of the Republic, Alejandro Gammattei, publicly humiliated the Indigenous mayor of the Kaqchikel people of Comalapa, Chimaltenango. First, they were sick with coughs, they suffered from nose bleeds and urinary infections. IWGIA's global report, the Indigenous World, provides an update of the current situation for Indigenous Peoples worldwide. SAMUC: (Through interpreter) All of these institutions who should've come to the plate simply dropped out, including community groups and churches. Amid the increase in poverty, malnutrition among children has exploded, registering more than 20,000 cases in 2021. As a result, the minister of health announced that door-to-door vaccination campaigns were being suspended. Read more. There's a Global Plan to Conserve Nature. For example: the state invests USD0.4 per day in each Indigenous person and USD0.9 per day in each non-indigenous person;[1] poverty affects 75% of Indigenous people and 36% of non-indigenous people;[2] chronic malnutrition affects 58% of Indigenous people and 38% of non-indigenous people;[3] and, in terms of political participation, Indigenous individuals represent no more than 15% of parliamentarians and high-ranking public officials. Guatemala is home to 24 principal ethnic groups. The use, management, and conservation of water are not officially regulated, andseveral private companies take advantage of this by not paying for their water usage, nor contributing to water conservation, and without assumingany responsibility for pollution caused by discharges of waste. Los pueblos coloniales de la costa sur de Guatemala. [The colonial villages of Guatemala's south coast], Prensa Libre, 22 January 2017. https://www.prensalibre.com/revista-d/los-pueblos-coloniales-de-la-costa-sur/, [6] Guatemala afronta una pobreza multidimensional del 61%. This includes a diverse array of communities and different ethnic groups including the Maya (representing the largest indigenous community in the country), Garifuna, and Xinka Peoples. Even more than its predecessors, the new government has shown a lack of interest in Indigenous issues, taking the structural racism that persists in Guatemalan society to new levels not seen since the signing of the Peace Accords (1996). Unfortunately, these communities tend to be among the most underserved and suffer disproportionately along nearly every development indicator. Corruption is rampant, impunity reigns, quality economic opportunity remains elusive for youths, insecurity permeates all levels of society, and, for many, there is no way out. Guatemalas indigenous community does not receive the same opportunities as non-indigenous people have. Several communities have demanded that the state commence a broad discussion to draft a water act, but they have yet to be met. While poverty levels initially fell following the end of Guatemalas thirty-six-year internal armed conflict, since 2006 these levels have creeped higher, reaching 59.3 percent of the population in 2014. [4] Memorial de Solol Anales de los Cakchiqueles. Direct translation from the original and notes by Adrin Recinos. We systematically reviewed findings of the frequency of vision impairment and blindness and/or frequency of ocular findings in Indigenous groups. Guatemalas army refused to act, and Arbenz was forced to resign. Guatemala is formed by diverse ethnic groups, especially those of Mayan descent, and the State recognizes, promotes and respects their ways of life, customs, traditions, and ways of social organization.. While he did not succeed in ending the civil war, he did play an important role in the Central-American Peace Accord of 1987 which helped lay a foundation to the end of the war. Official data indicates that poverty affects 75% of Indigenous people and 36% of non-indigenous people; chronic malnutrition affects 58% of Indigenous people and 38% of non-indigenous people; and, in terms of political participation, Indigenous individuals represent no more than 15% of parliamentarians and high-ranking public officials. Guatemala is home to 24 principal ethnic groups. USAID supports the Government of GuatemalasLa Rutainitiative, which fosters dialogue between Indigenous Peoples in the Western Highlands and the Guatemalan central government to increase service delivery and reduce social conflict. The State has always been absent, Alejandra Colom, an anthropology professor at the Guatemalan Del Valle University, tells The Progressive. In 1944, Juan Jos Arvalo, a critic of Ubico, was named president of Guatemala. He devoted his life to his peoples cultural revival, including their endangered native language, herbalism and natural medicine. MARTIN: It's a Sunday morning in another Indigenous town called Santa Maria de Jesus. They continue to treat the Indigenous peoples as their ancestors. The World Bank aims to promote indigenous peoples' development in a manner which ensures that the development process fosters full respect for the dignity, human rights, and uniqueness of indigenous peoples. Mr. Caal Xl has filed an appeal before the Supreme Court to present his arguments, including three amicus curiae briefs, which was finally heard on 21 June after many delays. The pandemic has also made living conditions, particularly for the Indigenous population, more difficult due to the restrictions on movement and access to markets and sources of labour. In October and November 2020, the Central American region was devastated by hurricanes Eta and Iota, wreaking havoc on the people and their livelihoods, especially the Indigenous Peoples of the Atlantic Coast or Northern Lowlands. [16], There was no halt to the criminalisation of community members defending their territories and natural resources from dispossession and extractivism despite the pandemic. And so did several others who worked on this project. However, alternative reports indicate this number is actually closer to 60%, meaning a majority of the Guatemalan population is indigenous. MARTIN: Which is another falsehood. In places like Santiago Atitlan and Santa Maria, Spanish isn't widely spoken, and many people are illiterate, without a television or computer, which is how the government was disseminating health information. The Other Americans is a reflection of the discrimination experienced by Indigenous women all over: for women. 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